Karl Marxs Greatest Hits

Karl Marx's Greatest Hits Karl Marx, conceived May 5, 1818, is viewed as one of the establishing masterminds of human science, alongside Émile Durkheim, Max Weber, W.E.B. Du Bois, and Harriet Martineau. In spite of the fact that he lived and kicked the bucket before human science was an order in its own right, his works as a political-financial analyst gave a still profoundly significant establishment for speculating the connection among economy and political force. In this post, we respect Marxs birth by praising a portion of his most significant commitments to humanism. Marxs Dialectic Historical Materialism Marx is ordinarily associated with giving human science a contention hypothesis of how society works. He planned this hypothesis by first turning a significant philosophical precept of the day on its headthe Hegelian Dialectic. Hegel, a main German logician during Marxs early investigations, speculated that public activity and society became out of thought. Taking a gander at his general surroundings, with the developing impact of industrialist industry on every other feature of society, Marx saw things in an unexpected way. He reversed Hegels logic, and estimated rather that it is the current types of economy and productionthe material worldand our encounters inside these that shape thought and awareness. Of this, he composed in Capital, Volume 1, The perfect is nothing else than the material world reflected by the human brain, and converted into types of thought. Center to the entirety of his hypothesis, this point of view got known as verifiable realism. Base and Superstructure Marx gave human science some significant theoretical devices as he built up his chronicled realist hypothesis and strategy for examining society. In The German Ideology, composed with Friedrich Engels, Marx clarified that society is isolated into two domains: the base, and the superstructure. He characterized the base as the material parts of society: that which take into account creation of products. These incorporate the methods for productionfactories and material resourcesas well as the relations of creation, or the connections between individuals included, and the unmistakable jobs they play (like workers, directors, and industrial facility proprietors), as required by the framework. Per his chronicled realist record of history and how society capacities, the base decides the superstructure, whereby the superstructure is all different parts of society, similar to our way of life and philosophy (world perspectives, values, convictions, information, standards and desires); socia l establishments like instruction, religion, and media; the political framework; and even the personalities we buy in to. Class Conflict and Conflict Theory When taking a gander at society along these lines, Marx saw that the dispersion of influence to decide how society worked was organized in a top-down way, and was firmly constrained by the affluent minority who claimed and controlled the methods for creation. Marx and Engels spread out this hypothesis of class strife in The Communist Manifesto, distributed in 1848. They contended that the bourgeoisie, the minority in power, made class strife by misusing the work intensity of the low class, the laborers who made the arrangement of creation run by offering their work to the decision class. By charging unquestionably more for the merchandise created than they paid the low classes for their work, the proprietors of the methods for creation earned benefit. This plan was the premise of the industrialist economy at the time that Marx and Engels composed, and it remains the premise of it today. Since riches and influence are unevenly dispersed between these two classes, Marx and Engels con tended that society is in an unending condition of contention, wherein the decision class work to keep up the high ground over the lion's share common laborers, so as to hold their riches, influence, and by and large favorable position. (To get familiar with the subtleties of Marxs hypothesis of the work relations of free enterprise, see Capital, Volume 1.) Bogus Consciousness and Class Consciousness In The German Ideology and The Communist Manifesto, Marx and Engels clarified that the standard of the bourgeoisie is accomplished and kept up in the domain of the superstructure. That is, the premise of their standard is ideological. Through their control of legislative issues, media, and instructive organizations, people with great influence proliferate a perspective that recommends that the framework as it is correct and simply, that is intended to benefit all, and that it is even characteristic and inescapable. Marx alluded to the failure of the average workers to see and comprehend the idea of this abusive class relationship as bogus awareness, and guessed that in the end, they would build up a reasonable and basic comprehension of it, which would be class cognizance. With class cognizance, they would have attention to the real factors of the classed society in which they lived, and of their own job in recreating it. Marx contemplated that once class awareness had been acc omplished, a laborer drove upset would oust the harsh framework. Summation These are the thoughts that are integral to Marxs hypothesis of economy and society, and are what made him so critical to the field of human science. Obviously, Marxs composed work is very voluminous, and any devoted understudy of humanism ought to take part in a nearby perusing of whatever number of his fills in as could be expected under the circumstances, particularly as his hypothesis stays significant today. While the class pecking order of society is more mind boggling today than that which Marx conjectured, and free enterprise currently works on a worldwide scale, Marxs perceptions about the perils of commodified work, and about the center connection among base and superstructure keep on filling in as significant logical instruments for seeing how the inconsistent business as usual is kept up, and how one can approach upsetting it. Intrigued perusers can discover all of Marxs composing carefully filed here.

Demographic Change And Influence In Peoples Development

All through universe history, have ever introduced diverse segment inclinations and arranged populace related occasions and movements of this, which does non be given to be steady however despite what might be expected, both interregional moves inA out of these states as somewhere else, about ever in chase of better possibilities in life.A The impact of these movements is large and will in general pivot the universe, bring forthing changes non just in have states yet adjacent to in the spot, so doing fundamental modifications in the strategies of these states to go to the different impacts of the movement relocation Were submitted times known to mankind where populace modifications have non been so incredible, yet then again there have been others where movement has expanded significantly.A The twentieth century was one of the last in light of the fact that numerous specialists was where transient movements set the pace, seeing that if the central attribute of these is that they were from south to north, east and west, looking as countriesA less grew south numerous individuals relocated north and most created industrialized states, what's more the Asiatic mainland was an extraordinary relocation to Europe, the United States and Canada.A This has affected, all things considered, on the host towns, as these now hold a major figure of individuals of different nationalities with the standard impacts both socially, and monetarily and politically of class. In any case, these movements have non finished and the great beyond must be extremely compelling in footings of the rules which states are to put off the migration.A You can talk in this way, that was provided another request known to mankind on account of segment adjustments, seeing that there are nations like the United States and Canada that have a major figure of migrators from different nations, for outline in the U.S. is a huge populationA who have shown up in the condition of the South American mainland, even to discuss a Hispanization of this state, while in Canada the greater part of migrators originate from eastern states like China.A Meanwhile on the European landmass there are two marvels deserving of investigation preeminent of all the maturing European populace on the grounds that above all else to the low pace of births that happen in this landmass because of elements, for example, families with one child, marriagesA increasingly deferred whenever there is no chance of gestating, utilization of all strategies for prophylactic technique, which has brought about occupations in the monetary arrangement of these states as simple coming up short on work, there is a decent endeavor that lead to the creationA new concerns what's more has expanded the heap on the regions because of benefits to be paid to a populace that is non productive.A Even expresses that the European populace is â€Å" gluttonous † and is too much languid to work out what is harming to its financial system[ 1 ]along with this wonder is one that is relocation in enormous Numberss of individuals from Eastern states, above all withA Muslim confidence have gone to the old mainland and duplicated in extraordinary Numberss, bring forthing as a populace work that is non acceptable arranged, nobody really gifted work to support the creation furthermore that they have been turning muchA , to the degree that some are expressing that in 2050 Europe will be Muslim.A CEPAL has cleared the se modifications in the European populace by expressing in his investigation of the Symposium on International Migration: â€Å" In the mid twentieth century populace of Europe had, about ternary the size of the African, while today the populaces of Africa and Europe are about a similar size, yet by 2050 it is normal that the number of inhabitants in Africa has threeA occasions the size of Europe †[ 2 ] As should be obvious this impact happens non just in bring forthing cultural adjustment in the public eye which features the socialization of the conditions of the blend of civic establishments and conventions that can foment the national independence misfortune estimations of eachA part, however adjacent to influences the financial and of class political. This has had little by little in having states emerge employments, for example, neo-Nazi gatherings which are against the â€Å" attack † of their areas ace from individuals from different states, taking to cultural battles and even in metropoliss like disordersA found in some European states, above all by youthful individuals who feel that their occupation chances are being taken by migrators, fitting to CEPAL â€Å" turning xenophobia in certain states, brought about by downturn and joblessness has exacerbatedA hostility towards transient specialists †[ 3 ].A But take a gander at the political degree since have states trying to end an ocean of individuals, so to talk, that goes to your floors start to put and create models that can be viewed as against foreigner, trying to prevent the populace becomingA to a great extent migrators, similar to the occurrence of the U.S. as of late has in any event, developing a divider only looking to thwart more Mexicans from come ini ng their locale illegally. This has findings in both, in the accepting state and the starting one, seeing such an of import feature regarding monetary sciences, since migrators regularly work to get cash sent back to their family units, which is called remittals andA that have gotten an extremely of import point in the financial arrangement of less created states, to the degree that the emergency of ongoing mature ages influence this aspect of the financial framework by reducing the entirety of remittals because of the loss of occupations on allA United States.A These remittals are put resources into improvements in the nature of family life that migrators have left rear end and there are other than retirement funds in contributing, which can take to more prominent progression and advancement of these regions.A But neither can deny that â€Å" south-north relocation has added to the continued advancement of conditions of the North †[ 4 ] Be that as it may, this infers a few employments for having states like the U.S. what's more, Canada, in spite of the fact that the significant effect has been the first to hold the biggest figure of migrators, since a considerable lot of them are illicit or undocumented migrants are occupied with work, which structure divide orA the casual or subterranean economy.A And this must go on so as the inclination given that there ‘s more to relocate regardless of all restrictions that may be, it is other than obvious that the populace will be starting now and into the foreseeable future continuous reduction, even the least created countriesA But notwithstanding this in 2050 there will be pretty much 9.6 billion people[ 5 ].A But sing that in Europe all around, that populace decrease, ascend in the U.S. furthermore, Canada, trebling in Africa. While Latin America, will hold a medium growth.A when all is said in done we can express that the pace of children per grown-up female in haple ss states will be diminished to 2.5 though in industrialized states will be even lower, however these will hold a rate higher than for more established people, to the degree thatA is supposed to be two matured for each child.A as a rule, surveies on universe populace and its inclination until 2050 says that in industrialized states like Japan, China and Europe each piece great as the North American birth rate will be just as far as possible to ensure the continuance of the population.A But in many conditions of the universe a significant part of the populace will be more than 40 years.A Can so be summed up by expressing that in the most unfortunate states will hold a mean populace developing while created births this developing will be lower yet the populace may remain pretty much stable developing by movement. In any case, another activity that must be considered is that moderate populace developing that is each twenty-four hours an ever increasing number of assets devoured huge numbers of which are delayed to be supplanted and others can non be supplanted on the grounds that in numerous examples have lost the capacity regenerative limit of the land with the goal that asset will be an enormous activity in 2050 doing it the most unfortunate expresses that ordinarily expend more assets are going less fortunate, which of class may expand the movement of these intoA progressively created states.A An AFor all the above is certain that all states, both having and starting conditions of migrators to agree with each one by his position steps to chop down this relocation around the world. Beneficiary states should attempt to chop down this moving edge with new authoritative represents the migrators yet along these lines deliver xenophobic scorn and difficulty that at long last simply pass on cultur al and security employments, ought to other than give more help without too much numerous conditions on creating countriesA that they can in twist offer strategies that urge their residents to remain in its region. Actually a genuine populace strategy has non been wherever known to mankind, there have been some wanderer steps yet little has been accomplished together.A By states looking for improvement should hold authoritiess who accept specialists approaches that either immediate or backhanded effect on segment techniques, for example, in-relocation and airing of prophylactic strategies, and more grounded controls on immigration.A It ought to be certain that for states like Canada or the United States, since quite a while ago run possibilities rely extraordinarily upon monetary undertakings of planetary segment changes that decide the portability of work in the worldwide, so that by 2050 the successA of states and its flourishing relies upon holding a decent work power, prepared and ever prepared for creation and rendition of the modifications that are voyaging being made As appeared in the figures for the universe situation in 2050 will non be acceptable in footings of populace, yet authoritiess to make strides non just need to see the figures, yet should get themselves by and by worthy rates populace developing, relocation, and regional distribution.A And when we verify that is what is directly for them in this undertaking ought to explain suitable plans that lead to improved personal satisfaction of individuals. Those plans must be finished by the host created states like Canada and joined areas, in light of the fact that there are the most influenced 1s with the illicit in-movements, on the off chance that they do n't take activities in th

How to Tackle the 2015-16 Common Application Essay Prompts

How to Tackle the 2015-16 Common Application Essay Prompts In preparation for a TV interview on Channel 3000 last summer, I researched the new Common Application Essay questions. Somehow I got it into my head that I had already written about them since I had researched them. But in actuality, I did not share these new topics on my blog! Now that it’s college application season, I am really and truly sharing the Common Application Essay Prompts for 2015-2016. These new college essay prompts, on which I’ve commented below, were crafted based on survey results from almost 6,000 people who were members and constituents of the Common Application organization. The parts that changed from last year are in italics: Some students have a background, identity, interest, or talent that is so meaningful they believe their application would be incomplete without it.  If this sounds like you, then please share your story. (Previous prompt: “Some students have a background or story that is so central to their identity that they believe their application would be incomplete without it….”) I like that “identity, interest, and talent” were added as options and that the words “so central to your identity” were replaced with “meaningful.” These changes open up the question to a broader range of possible responses, and frankly take some pressure off. Not every applicant has a background that they consider “so central to their identity that they believe their application would be incomplete without it.” But just about everyone has something in their life that’s meaningful enough to be important to share with the admissions committee. The lessons we take from failure can be fundamental to later success. Recount an incident or time when you experienced failure. How did it affect you, and what did you learn from the experience? (First sentence was added to prompt.) Honestly, I don’t love this addition. To me it’s too handholding and should be clear to any student writing an essay about failure. Perhaps schools were not getting enough essays that showed how students applied the lessons they learned from their failures? But I would think a student’s approach to this essay would be one of the aspects admissions officers would want to consider, without handing a directive to them on a silver platter. Reflect on a time when you challenged a belief or idea. What prompted you to act? Would you make the same decision again? (No change.) In my experience, this question proves challenging for most high school students. Few youngsters at that age have gone against the grain in a meaningful way. I recall in second grade challenging teachers who were talking during a fire drill, and, in high school, writing an editorial expressing my dislike of the student dress code. Neither was serious fodder for a college essay. Nevertheless, for those debaters and newspaper editors and political activists in the college application pool, answering this prompt might be just the right road to admission. Describe a problem you’ve solved or a problem you’d like to solve. It can be an intellectual challenge, a research query, an ethical dilemma-anything that is of personal importance, no matter the scale. Explain its significance to you and what steps you took or could be taken to identify a solution. (Completely new prompt, replacing this previous one: “Describe a place or environment where you are perfectly content. What do you do or experience there, and why is it meaningful to you?”) I like this change a lot! The previous question was fairly bland and presented a difficult writing challenge, with no obvious opportunity to show growth. The new question, in contrast, provides an exciting opportunity for students to display their intellectual prowess or emotional intelligence. Discuss an accomplishment or event, formal or informal, that marked your transition from childhood to adulthood within your culture, community, or family. (No change.) This might be the prompt to go or be changed significantly in 2016-17. Can you imagine thousands of students struggling to find something “different” to say about their Bar Mitzvah or Eagle Scout project? However, the prompt does offer an opportunity to explore and describe a unique childhood-to-adulthood transition. I remember fondly, for instance, the essay of one of my clients who taught his sister how to ride a bike, going from being annoyed at her wimpiness to owning his teacher role and succeeding in his task. The challenge here is to steer clear of anything cliché. That’s my take on the new College Application essays. As for other people’s opinions on these prompts, almost all of those surveyed agreed that the current prompts would generate effective essays on the whole. A slight majority believed the “story/background” prompt is the most effective, and I agree. In fact, most students could probably answer that question and submit a very effective essay; but there’s value in offering four more ways for students to approach thinking about their unique offerings and how to talk about their lives in 650 words. Note that very few participants in the survey wanted the “Topic of Your Choice” topic back. This is understandable since a student could write about pretty much any topic of their choice that’s personal to them and fit it within one of the current essay choices. If your child is applying to college and wants support on writing a great response to the Common Application questions, contact The Essay Expert. Remember, approximately 26% of all college applicants hire an admissions consultant, and your child is in the same pool they are. You might also enjoy some of my other articles about college essays and admissions.

Video Games Vs. Wii - 1344 Words

Video Games have been around since the 1950’s meant to entertain people, and to bring them into a fantasy world they have never been to before. However, they haven’t become popular until around the 1970’s and 1980’s introducing arcade games in corner stores, console games like Nintendo, and computer games. The very first console introduced was the ATARI in 1977 which was about every child’s first console they ever played, and was around until the 1990’s. Due to the popularity over video games being around for over 30 years they have become a part of modern society. Today’s most popular consoles are the Wii U, Xbox One, and the PlayStation 4. Video Games have come a long way since their debut having such a big impact on gamers that not only they can play these different types of games, â€Å"they are talked about, read about, fantasized about, cheated at, altered, and become models for everyday life and for the formation of subjectively and intersubjectivity† (Annetta 230). The majority of the population of people who play video games are mostly children and teens falling between the ages of 10-19 and even adults as well. It’s amazing how a wide range of age groups play video games and not just children. Unfortunately, today in American society, people think that video games are triggered for violence and aggressive behavior, and they don’t focus on the positive benefits video games have to offer. This may be because some games have weapons are present, especially in M-ratedShow MoreRelatedSony Playstation 3 Case Essay1177 Words   |  5 Pagesfurther customers require games which are easy to play be cause they have a low degree of comfort with new technologies. Furthermore some of them don’t want to invest a significant amount of their time to learn and play these games because of their busy lives. * Supply simpler games irrespective of age, gender or gaming experience. This could lead Sony to two advantages: 1. Larger number of potential customers 2. 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How Steroids Has A Negative Effect On The World And The...

Ryan Thomas English 12 An individuals god-given talent is what makes watching professional sports entertaining or is the use of steroids and PED’s? As a sports fan this is what runs through an individuals mind , steroids has forever changed the world we live in and the people around us. Therefore , making the world we live in fueled by drugs contacts instead of individual skill and talent . Many individuals don t really understand the real consequences and the harmful effects .God-given skill and natural ability is very hard to find because ones skill is determined on who may have the best drug contact instead of who has the best god-given talent. In order to take a stand we must teach a lot of individuals what happens when†¦show more content†¦Although he showed the sign that he was indeed popular and ebullient , the thing that hurt Taylor in the long run was the anabolic steroids that he took in high school and such a young age. As an adolescent its important that the older generation tea ch the younger generation that the ac of steroids and anabolic steroids are a danger to ones health. It is important that treatment professionals understand the history behind steroids , what draws young athletes to steroid use and what counselors can do to help adolescents. With the help of a professional , Taylor may been able to get out of his addiction with anabolic steroids. However , its easy to that actions speak louder than words and in this case it was too late. I m worried about kids, said Dr. Donald A. Malone, a psychiatrist at the Cleveland Clinic. It’s more than just the body and mind its about the things that can make or destroy this world , steroids have changed individuals mindsets and destroyed the world around us. Professional athletes are the ones that we sports fanatics and fans look up to , when our heroes cheat we must think that its acceptable to do so. These such words by Doctor Richard T. Bosshardt that state â€Å"Sports can teach children to young adults so many valuable lessons: the value of hard work, that fitness and mastery of a sport are their own reward, teamwork, dealing with adversity, focus, consistency and on and on. To have this undermined by doping among those

Managing Inventory Of A Supply Chain Management - 3066 Words

Table of Contents INTRODUCTION_TUAN UYEN NGUYEN 2 MANAGING INVENTORY 3 KANBAN SYSTEM_KOMGROB KRAIHAN 3 ABC CORPS HELP DESK_ KOMGROB KRAIHAN 3 FEDEX_ KOMGROB KRAIHAN 4 COCA_COLA MANAGING INVENTORY_ TUAN UYEN NGUYEN 4 KANBAN SYSTEM TO JUST IN TIME METHODOLOGY_PHAFAN WEINGKAN 6 MCDONALDS _ PHAFAN WEINGKAN 7 ALDI_ PHAFAN WEINGKAN 7 MANAGING INVENTORY IN ACCOUNTING PERSPECTIVES_ TUAN UYEN NGUYEN 7 TOYOTA THE BEST PERFORMANCE OF MANAGING INVENTORY_ PHAFAN WEINGKAN 8 DELL_ KOMGROB KRAIHAN 8 HARLEY DAVIDSON_ KOMGROB KRAIHAN 8 CONCLUSION_ TUAN UYEN NGUYEN 8 REFERENCE: 9 Introduction The most important part in supply chain management is managing inventory as company operation tries to minimize cost from supplier, manufacturing, and production. Regarding to inventory, the management accounting must have understand the basic of inventory management. There are a numbers of techniques including: ABC system, EOQ model, TQM, and JIT system. 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If a firm is ableRead MoreSupply Chain Management : Supply Chains1476 Words   |  6 Pages1.3 Supply Chain Supply chains encompass the companies and the business activities needed to design, make, deliver, and use a product or service. Businesses depend on their supply chains to provide them with what they need to survive and thrive. Every business fits into one or more supply chains and has a role to play in each of them. The pace of change and the uncertainty about how markets will evolve has made it increasingly important for companies to be aware of the supply chains they participateRead MoreGeneral Motors Supply Chain Essay1574 Words   |  7 Pagesinherent with the automotive supply chain including: risk, visibility, inventory management, cost containment, customer demands and globalization. GM currently expects its suppliers to adopt a lean philosophy to ensure it becomes the low-cost producer of quality products. 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(Slack, N, et al. 2013) statesRead MoreManaging the Supply Chain1229 Words   |  5 PagesManaging the Supply Chain ( SCM) is a set of approaches used to efficiently integrate suppliers, manufacturers , warehouses and stores so that merchandise is produced and distributed in the right quantities , at the right place at the right time in order to minimize system cost while the wide requirement of satisfactory levels of service . It can also be defined as the coordination of production , inventory , location, and transportation among the participants in a supply chain to achieve the bestRead MoreTim Cook And His Impact On Apple Incorporation1408 Words   |  6 Pagesnumber one Supply chain company for past 7 years. Apple runs their products successfully in the market since they launched iPod on October 23, 2001. Only 14 years have passed and now Apple has a huge amount of manufacturing. Different types and variety of product. All of this 14 years Tim Cook was in charge of operating management and supply chain, he played a key role in Apple’s success. How does that happen and what is one of the key roles to the success of this company? Best supply chain: ExcellentRead MoreLean The Lean Supply Chain Management1552 Words   |  7 PagesLean Management Approach In modern day world, organizations are facing a myriad of challenges. They are facing increasing and continually changing demands by customers, keen and knowledgeable competitors who seize every opportunity that comes their way, and a reduction of the resource base owing to increase spending. Most organizations, therefore, are seeking to increase customer satisfaction, reduce operational costs of doing business, and change their research strategy to improve their know-how

Grief And Bereavement Tasks Of Mourning †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Grief And Bereavement Palliative Care Practice? Answer: Introducation Grief is said to be a normal reaction to bereavement. From this statement questions like what exactly is grief and what is bereavement may arise. Bereavement is defined to be the losing of someone closely attached to you and is characterized by feelings of loneliness, emptiness, frustration, deprivation, yearning and longing(Sabar, 2000). Grief on the other hand is the subjective experience of loss. It is multifaceted as it can affect us on all levels of experience i.e. physically, emotionally, cognitively, socially and spiritually(Sabar, 2000). Another term that is always used in association with grief and bereavement is mourning which is defined as socially, culturally and religiously accepted expressions of grief (Sabar, 2000). The manner in which one grieves, the duration taken in the grieving process differs from one individual to another. This is typical situation that reflects the one shoe doesnt fit all philosophy. Theories like Wordens four tasks of morning, the dual process model by Stroebe Schutt, Parkes four phases of mourning model seek to explain grief, bereavement and mourning. We shall focus on Wordens four task of mourning as we seek to better explain and understand the grieving process and factors that affect this process. Worden Four Tasks of Mourning Other theorists like to view the grieving process in forms of stages and phases but not Worden. He prefers to view it as a series of tasks(Morrell, n.d). This means that the bereaved has to be active as adaptation cannot just happen but requires effort. Accounting to Worden, grief is a back and forth process involving overlapping tasks that one has to work through the physical, emotional and pain of their loss while adopting to changes that come with the loss such as roles, responsibilities and identity(Webster, n.d). The grieving process is considered complete when the bereaved person gone through the four tasks and has accepted the loss and adjusted to the new life brought about by the loss(Miller, 2014). To Accept the Reality of the Loss The first task in this process is to come face to face with the reality that the person is dead. This is one of the hardest tasks to accomplish as it involves in lay mans tongue accepting in your mind and in your heart i.e. intellectual and emotional acceptance (Worden, 2009). There are three forms of acceptance that need to take place for the successful completion of this task. They include; the acceptance the facts revolving the loss, the meaning attributed to the loss and the finality of the loss(Almeida, 2004). One needs to accept the fact that death has occurred, what the loss means to him/her in terms of responsibilities, roles even situation at home and in the society and that the deceased is gone and not coming back. It has been found that traditional rituals such as the funeral help many bereaved people move toward acceptance(Worden, 2009). The negative reaction that happens here is that one does not believe simply put being in denial. This is very common as death is usually first faced with shock and disbelief. Denial takes place in many forms. First it can occur in the form of denying the facts of the loss which varies in degree. It can be a minor distortion or a complete and advanced delusion(Worden, 2009). An example of full blown delusions was coined by Geoffrey Gorer which is mummification, a grief reaction in which the bereaved retains the deceaseds possessions and belongings and in extreme cases his/her corpse in an unchanging condition ready for use when the deceased returns(Leung So, 2013). This is very common for parents who a child as they usually retain the childs room without moving a thing or reorganizing. Another form of denial is to deny the meaning of the loss. This has been seen by actions that remove any reminders of the deceased in the aim of reducing the significance of the loss. This has been done in various ways like throwing away of belongings of the deceased, making statements that disregard the attachment or relationship with the deceased and in extreme cases, practicing selective forgetting whereby the image of the deceased disappears from consciousness(Parkes Prigerson, 2010). This behavior is commonly seen in cases of conflicting relationships between the bereaved and the deceased. Denial in the irreversibility of death is the other form of denial. This has been evidenced by people out rightly denying finality of death and through religion spiritualism(Worden, 2009). People participate in sances and attending of spiritualist churches so as to seek a form of communication or bond with the deceased. Overall, denial is very common in sudden deaths like accidents, fire outbreak, suicide, homicide etc. especially where the bereaved were not able to view the body of the deceased To Process the Pain of Grief This task involves opening oneself to experience the deep and intense feelings and thoughts that accompany a loss(Sabar, 2000). The pain experienced can be physical, emotional and behavioral. The physical reactions experienced include: tiredness, increased noise sensitivity, appetite gain or loss, headaches, neck and shoulder pain, increase in colds, infections and allergic reactions, chest tightness, bowel and bladder disturbances, stomach bloating, ulcers, and nausea. Females can experience menstrual irregularities(Rubel, 2004). Emotional reactions experienced include shock, numbness, sadness, fear, anxiety, loneliness, aggression, yearning, withdrawal, guilt, self reproach, fatigue, helplessness, emancipation and relief. Anger and rage can be directed at healthcare providers, the deceased, God, and themselves(Rubel, 2004). This should be noted as it can lead to them hurting others or engaging in self mutilating behaviors so as to relieve the pain. Thought process alterations or cognitive changes that occur include disorientation, confusion and an inability to concentrate(Rubel, 2004). Other common thought patterns include; preoccupation, disbelief, hallucination and sense of presence(Worden, 2009). Behavioral reactions are not uncommon in grieving individuals. Some of the common behaviors seen include insomnia or hypersomnia, loss or gain of appetite, absentmindedness, social withdrawal and isolation, dreaming of the deceased, avoidance behavior, sighing, increased hyperactivity and crying(Worden, 2009). Aggressive behavior, hoarding, increased drug use, increased sexual activity may also be seen(Rubel, 2004). The intensity and duration of the pain experience varies from one individual to another. This difference in feeling is mediated by a number of factors. These factors include; the person that died, type of attachment, manner of death, personality characteristics, social factors and concurrent stressors(Worden, 2009). The way one mourns for a child is not the same way one would mourn for a spouse or a mother. The way one mourns those who they had close attachment is found to be more intense and for a longer duration. The negation of this task is not feeling and it is demonstrated by cutting off feelings and denial of the pain one is experiencing, avoidance of painful thoughts, thought-stopping procedures, stimulating pleasant thoughts of the deceased and not hurtful, idealizing the dead, avoidance of reminders of the dead, and drugs and alcohol use. The consequence of this negation is usually depression. Due to this, this is a very important aspect that is considered during grief counseling. Adjusting to a World without the Deceased According to Worden, 2009 the three areas that need adjustment during the grieving process include the external, internal and spiritual adjustments. External Adjustments This involves coming to terms to an environment without the loved one. Adjusting to an environment without the loved one means different things to different people(Worden, 2009). Many bereaved individuals have to learn new skills in order to take on the roles performed by the deceased. For this to happen successfully, one to needs to challenge their beliefs by deriving meaning of the loss. What one thought he/ she could not accomplish, now he/she has to believe he/ she can. A wife who used to believe that she didnt have the strength to mow the lawns may challenge this belief after the death of the husband as she cannot delegate to him. Internal Adjustments Loss of loved one affects ones self definition, self esteem and self efficacy. People who derive their identification and self worth from relationships and marriages have lowered self esteem and decreased sense of the self when their loved one dies. This is the case especially for people who had rough backgrounds then found someone who makes them feel wanted, cherished and loved. When that person dies, the bereaved feels like there is no one who would love them like the deceased did. Bereavement can also affect a persons sense of self-efficacy(Worden, 2009). This can lead to feelings of helplessness, inadequacy and hopelessness. This worsens when one fails in taking on the responsibilities that used to be carried out by the deceased. This makes them feel like failures and lowers their self esteem further. Spiritual Adjustments Through death ones values and beliefs are always challenged or reinforced depending on the situation (Worden, 2009). Usually due to this challenge on ones beliefs and values, the bereaved feel like they have lost direction in life. They go through a journey to try and rediscover the meaning of the loss and the life changes in order to be able to control their lives again. As it was said earlier death can also reinforce or confirm our beliefs and assumptions. The death of an elderly person who had a well lived life is an example of this. The negation of this task is failure to adapt to the loss. You may find people who promote their inadequacy and helplessness by not developing the skills needed for the new responsibilities or withdrawing from the world and not facing up to the new requirements(Worden, 2009). To Find an Enduring Connection with the Deceased in the Midst of Embarking on a New Life This task includes finding an adaptive and ongoing connection in our lives with the deceased while allowing ourselves to reinvest our energies into new relationships(Perper, 2015). People believe that one needs to forget the deceased in order for them to move on with their lives. This tasks encourages us not to forget the deceased but reconnect and enjoy life by engaging in activities that give you pleasure while cherishing the memories and remembering the thoughts and feelings experienced with the loved one(Kelly Lees-Oakes, n.d). According to Worden, the negative aspect of this task is not living. This happens when one holds on too much to the past attachments are refuses to form new ones. They forget that life did not stop moving when their loved one died. Wordens four tasks of mourning have had great impact in the counseling and psychotherapy world as it has formed basis for many techniques and objectives for grief counseling and grief therapy. One thing that is clear is that the negation of the four tasks can facilitate the development of complicated grief. Through the four tasks of mourning, techniques that help one to accept the reality, evoke ones emotions and allow them to feel, that promote adjustment and facilitate reconnection and continuing bonds are found to be very crucial. These techniques include writing, use of evocative language, role playing, cognitive restructuring and directed imagery among others. Conclusion Wordens four tasks theory of mourning brought a new way to view the grieving process as it did not believe on the steps or phases model but tasks which have to be complicated not on a linear basis as believed by the previous theories. These tasks are important for one to go through the grieving process adaptively and successfully. This theory has had great impact as it not only helped us understand the grieving process but also informs grief counseling and grief therapy through streamlining the goals and the techniques so as to help the bereaved to fully adapt to the loss. References Almeida, R. (2004). The Politics of Mourning: Grief Management in Cross-cultural Fiction. New Jersey: Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press. Kelly, K., Lees-Oakes, R. (n.d). The 4 Tasks of Grieving. Retrieved from Counseling Tutor: https://counsellingtutor.com/the-4-tasks-of-grieving/ Leung, C. M., So, J. (2013). Mummification in a Chinese Patient with Grief: A Morbid Symptom or a Cultural Practice? East Asian Archives of Psychiatry, 23(4), 164-167. Miller, K. E. (2014). Review of Grief Counseling and Grief Therapy by J. William Worden. Retrieved from Kirk Miller Blog: https://kirkmillerblog.com/2015/01/26/review-of-grief-counseling-and-grief-therapy-by-j-william-worden/amp/ Morrell, L. (n.d). Tasks of Grief. Retrieved from Linda Morrell: https://www.lindamorrell.com/?page_id=179 Parkes, C. M., Prigerson, H. G. (2010). Bereavement: Studies of Grief in Adult Life (4th ed.). New York: Routledge. Perper, R. (2015). Worden's Four Tasks of Grieving. Retrieved from Therapy Changes: https://therapychanges.com/blog/2015/05/review-wordens-four-tasks-of-grieving Rubel, B. (2004). Death, Dying, and Bereavement: Providing Compassion During a Time of Need. Massachusetts: Western Schools. Sabar, S. (2000). Bereavement, Grief, and Mourning:A Gestalt Perspective. Gestalt Review, 152-168. Webster, B. (n.d). Theories of Grief. Retrieved from Grief Journeu: https://griefjourney.com/startjourney/for-professionals-and-caregivers/articles-forprofessionals-and-caregivers/theories-of-grief/ Worden, W. J. (2009). Grief Counseling and Grief Therapy A Handbook for the Mental Health Practitioner (4th ed.). New York: Springer Publishing Company.